Conventional MFCs generate electrons by microorganisms adsorbed on the anode. The electrons flows through an external circuit to the cathode to generate electrical power.

Problems that needed to be solved for the development of MFC flow electrodes:
 

1. Enhancing electron transfer from microorganisms to electrode particles 

2. Improving electron transfer from electrode particles to collector 

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One proposed solution is doping of carbon electrode particles with magnetic substances (iron oxides) improves the contact of the electrode particles with the collector and the recovery of the electrode particles

For increasing the content of iron oxides and the bonding strength of carbon and iron particles by impregnation pyrolysis method. And Iron oxide crystals can attract more bacteria to attach.

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